义务教育能提高代际流动性吗? 阅读全文
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Title | Can Compulsory Education Law Improve Intergenerational Mobility?
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作者 | 陈斌开 张淑娟 申广军 |
Author | Chen Binkai,Zhang Shujuan and Shen Guangjun |
作者单位 | 中央财经大学经济学院 |
Organization | Central University of Finance and Economics |
作者Email | chenbinkai@cufe.edu.cn;zhangshujuan0689@163.com;hnshgj@126.com |
中文关键词 | 代际流动性 教育流动性 收入流动性 义务教育法 教育回报率 |
Key Words | Intergenerational Mobility; Education Mobility; Income Mobility; Compulsory Education Law; Return to Education |
内容提要 | 阶层固化影响国家长治久安,提高代际流动、促进机会均等对经济社会健康发展至关重要。本文基于2013年中国家庭收入调查数据和2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据,利用1986年颁布的义务教育法在省份间的实施时间差异作为外生冲击,探究义务教育政策对于代际流动的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,义务教育确实显著提高了中国的教育流动性,因为父亲教育水平、职业层次、收入水平较低的孩子,受教育年限得到了更加显著的提升。然而,由于家庭背景越差的孩子教育回报率越低,义务教育政策对教育流动性的影响并未进一步提高代际之间的收入流动性。本文的政策含义在于,延长义务教育年限有利于提高代际流动性,但全面提升义务教育质量也同样重要。 |
Abstract | Social mobility affects national stability and long-term growth; equality of opportunity is crucial for sound development of society. Using data from the Chinese Household Income Project Survey 2013 and National Population Survey 2005, this paper employs the temporal and geographical variations in the Compulsory Education Law (CEL) implementation as an exogenous shock to identify how education policy impacts intergenerational mobility. We find that CEL indeed improves the intergenerational education mobility significantly, because kids whose parents are low-educated, with low-level jobs and earning less benefit more from the policy. However, CEL doesn’t improve intergenerational income mobility because people from low socio-economic status households earn less return to schooling in labor market. This study has significant policy implications: while the extension of compulsory education is important to improve intergenerational mobility, the quality of compulsory education also matters for equality of opportunity. |
文章编号 | WP1287 |
登载时间 | 2018-08-01 |
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