中国劳动收入份额下降的驱动因素研究：基于LMDI分解法的分析
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| Title | Driving Factors for Decreasing Labor’s Share of National Income in China:Analysis Based on LMDI Method
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| 作者 | 吴凯 范从来 |
| Author | Wu Kai and Fan Conglai |
| 作者单位 | 南京审计学院经济学院；南京大学商学院 |
| Organization | School of Business, Nanjing University; School of Economics, Nanjing Audit University；School of Business, Nanjing University |
| 作者Email | kaiwu78@126.com；fancl@nju.edu.cn |
| 中文关键词 | 劳动收入份额 驱动因素 对数平均迪氏指数 |
| Key Words | Labor’s Share of National Income; Driving Factors; Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index |
| 内容提要 | 深入研究中国经济发展过程中劳动收入份额变化的驱动因素，对于有的放矢地制定收入分配政策，缩小收入差距，促进公平有着重要的理论和现实意义。本文将LMDI方法引入收入分配的研究领域，构建了一个劳动收入份额变动LMDI分解的分析框架，该框架避开了Solow（1958）提出的分解方法所存在的无法解释的残差问题。依照该分析框架，本文将1993年至2011年间中国劳动收入份额分解为分配比例、收入比例、生产效率和结构变化4个驱动因素，并依次对全国、四大地区和31个省级行政区域逐级进行分解研究。结果显示：1、全国劳动收入份额下降的主导因素是分配比例和收入比例的下降，而生产效率和结构变化因素的影响较小。这表明要素分配逐步向资本倾斜，与此同时企业的流转税负担的上升，导致了全国劳动收入份额的下降。2、从四大地区来看，东部地区、中部地区和西部地区呈现出与全国一致的趋势，而东北地区的主导因素则是结构变化。3、各省级行政区域存在较大差异。最后，本文对提高中国劳动收入份额提出了相关建议。 |
| Abstract | To explore the driving factors of the change of labor’s share of national income during the economic expansion period in China has theoretical and practical significance for making income distribution policies, narrowing income gap and restoring equity. This paper introduces LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index) decomposition method into the field of income distribution, by constructing an analysis framework of LMDI decomposition of labor’s share of national income. This framework avoids the problem of unexplainable residuals by the decomposition method of Solow（1958）. Following this decomposition framework, this paper decomposes the labor’s share of national income in China during 1993 and 2011 into four driving factors, such as distribution ratio, income ratio, production efficiency and structure change. Then this paper decomposes the national, four regional, and 31 provincial labor’s share step by step. The results show that: (1) the main driving factors of the declining of national labor’s share are the decreasing of distribution ratio and income ratio. However the contribution of production efficiency and structure change is small. This implies the factor distribution is inclining to capital and the burden of the turnover tax is increasing. Both lead to the declining of national labor’s share. (2) In eastern, middle and western regions, labor’s share shows the same tendency as the national counterpart. However the main driving factor in northeastern region is structure change. (3) There are great discrepancies in provincial region. In addition，this paper provides suggestions for raising the labor’s share in China. |
| 文章编号 | WP500 |
| 登载时间 | 2013-07-16 |
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